Golvvävstol

Golvvävstol, or floor loom, is a stationary loom som stands on the floor and is operated by foot pedals (treadles). It is used for weaving fabric by interlacing warp and weft threads to create woven textiles.

Design and components: A floor loom typically has a warp beam at the back that holds the warp yarns under tension, one or more sets of shafts or harnesses with heddles to lift selected warp threads, a treadle mechanism connected to the shafts, a beater with a reed to push the weft, a shuttle to carry the weft yarn, and a cloth or take-up beam at the front to wind finished fabric. The warp is kept under tension between the warp beam and the cloth beam, allowing consistent weaving width and fabric quality.

Operation: The weaver creates a shed by pressing treadles to lift specific warp threads. A shuttle carrying the weft is passed through the shed, and the beater pushes the weft into place. By repeating this process and changing which shafts are lifted, the weaver forms different patterns and structures. The loom’s configuration and devices determine the complexity of designs that can be produced.

Variations and usage: Floor looms commonly have four or more shafts, making them suitable for a wide range of weave structures. They are generally less portable than table looms and are used in studios, schools, and home weaving. Some floor looms can be equipped with patterning devices such as dobby or jacquard to automate or assist in creating complex designs. They are valued for stability, wide weaving widths, and the ability to manage dense warp tensions.

History and significance: The floor loom family has a long tradition in many weaving cultures, enabling more complex weaving than smaller portable looms. Modern floor looms continue to be produced for hand weaving, education, and artisanal textile production.