Glasionomeer

Glasionomeer, commonly referred to as glass ionomer cement (GIC), is a dental restorative material produced by an acid-base reaction between a fluoroaluminosilicate glass powder and a polycarboxylic acid liquid. The conventional powder contains fluoroaluminosilicate glass; the liquid is typically polyacrylic acid. Resin-modified glass ionomer cements (RMGIC) incorporate a hydrophobic resin component such as HEMA and can be light-cured to speed up setting.

The setting reaction releases fluoride ions, which can provide caries-preventive benefits and may be recharged with fluoride from external sources. GIC adheres to tooth structure through chemical bonding to calcium in enamel and dentin, reducing microleakage. It has a relatively low modulus of elasticity and a coefficient of thermal expansion similar to dentin, contributing to a gentle fit. Conventional GICs are generally softer and more wear-prone than composites; RMGICs offer improved strength but may exhibit altered fluoride release.

Handling and indications: Placement requires careful moisture control, and conditioning the tooth surface with polyacrylic acid can enhance bonding. GIC is used for conservative restorations in primary teeth, fissure sealing, liners and bases, and as a luting cement for crowns, inlays, and orthodontic appliances. It is also employed in atraumatic restorative treatment and other situations where fluoride release and chemical adhesion are advantageous.

Limitations include sensitivity to early dehydration and relatively lower wear resistance under high occlusal loads. While modern formulations broaden its applications, glasionomeer remains valued for fluoride release, bond to tooth structure, and clinical versatility in pediatric dentistry and short-term or preventive restorations.