Gillyflower

Gillyflower is a common name that refers to a group of flowering plants in the Brassicaceae family, also known as the mustard family. This common name is most frequently associated with species and cultivars of the genus Cheiranthus and Erysimum, particularly those grown for their fragrant flowers. The term "gillyflower" can be somewhat ambiguous, as it has been applied historically to a wider range of plants, including carnations (Dianthus caryophyllus) and wallflowers.

The plants commonly known as gillyflowers are typically herbaceous perennials or biennials. They are characterized by their clusters of often intensely fragrant flowers, which can appear in a wide spectrum of colors, including shades of red, purple, yellow, orange, pink, and white. The flowers are usually four-petaled, a common trait of the Brassicaceae family. Their leaves are often narrow and lance-shaped, and can be evergreen in many varieties.

Gillyflowers are popular in cottage gardens, borders, and as cut flowers due to their attractive blooms and sweet scent. They generally prefer well-drained soil and a sunny location. Propagation is typically achieved through seeds or cuttings. Several species and numerous cultivars exist, offering a range of plant heights, bloom times, and flower characteristics, making them a versatile choice for ornamental gardens.