caryophyllus

Caryophyllus is the species epithet in the scientific name Dianthus caryophyllus, the plant commonly known as the carnation or clove pink. In botanical nomenclature, caryophyllus designates the specific species within the genus Dianthus, which belongs to the family Caryophyllaceae. The carnation is widely cultivated as an ornamental flowering plant and is a staple in floristry for fresh-cut bouquets and dried arrangements.

Dianthus caryophyllus is a herbaceous perennial native to the Mediterranean region, though it is grown as an annual or short-lived perennial in many climates. It produces erect or trailing stems with narrow, evergreen leaves and inflorescences bearing multiple blossoms. Flowers typically feature frilled or serrated petals and a characteristic clove-like fragrance in many cultivars. Colors range from red and pink to white, with numerous bi-colored and doubled forms available.

Cultivation and propagation vary by climate, but common requirements include well-drained soil, full sun, and regular moisture during growth. Garden and pot cultivars are propagated by seed, cuttings, or division, with flowering generally peaking in late spring to summer in temperate regions. Gardeners often select for color, form, and the longevity of blooms for use in arrangements.

Uses and cultural significance: Carnations are among the most important cut flowers worldwide, valued for their long vase life and fragrance. They appear in ceremonial and festive contexts across cultures and are also used in perfumery and cosmetics to varying extents.

Notes: The epithet caryophyllus has historical and etymological associations with Greek roots, but its exact origin is not universally standardized. Dianthus, the genus, derives from Greek dianthus meaning flower of the gods.