Furnér

Furnér, or veneer, is a thin sheet of wood or other material applied to a base to mimic the appearance of solid wood. Veneers are typically 0.2 to 3 millimeters thick and are glued to a substrate such as plywood, particleboard, or medium-density fiberboard (MDF). They are produced by peeling a log on a veneer lathe (rotary cut) or by slicing sheets with a knife (plain, quarter-, or rift-cut). The method and cut influence the grain pattern, sheet size, and figure. Veneers can be arranged in patterns such as book-matching or random matching to create decorative surfaces.

Common substrates include plywood cores and fiberboard, which provide stability and reduce weight. The veneer is bonded with laminating adhesives under heat and pressure. Finishes range from clear coats to stains and oils that enhance the natural grain. Species used for veneers include oak, maple, birch, cherry, walnut, and beech, with rarer exotic woods also produced as veneers.

Uses and advantages: furnér is widely used in furniture, cabinetry, doors, and internal paneling. It delivers the look of solid wood at lower cost and weight, with more efficient use of timber and consistent appearance. It allows large, smooth panels and easier repair or replacement of the surface.

Disadvantages and considerations: veneers can be sensitive to moisture and delamination if adhesives degrade; edges can chip; repairs may require re-veneering. Sustainability depends on forest management and adhesive choices; certified sources (e.g., FSC/PEFC) are preferred. Proper care includes protecting against excessive moisture and using compatible cleaners.