glued

Glued is the past participle of glue and is used as an adjective to describe items that have been bonded with an adhesive. A glued joint is formed when an adhesive is applied to surfaces and they are held together until the adhesive cures or sets, producing a bond that is intended to be permanent or semi-permanent depending on the materials and adhesive used.

Adhesives come in many types. Common categories include polyvinyl acetate (PVA) white glue, typically used for wood and paper; epoxy resins, two-part systems that form strong, durable bonds; cyanoacrylates (super glue) for fast, gap-filling bonds on a range of materials; polyurethane glues; hot-melt adhesives; and contact cements. Each type has suited substrates and curing conditions. Surfaces such as wood, metal, plastic, ceramic, fabric, and cardboard can be glued, though surface preparation (cleaning, drying, roughening) improves adhesion.

Bonding is influenced by curing conditions, such as temperature and humidity, pressure, and clamping. Some adhesives cure quickly, others require hours or days. Inappropriate bonding can lead to weak joints, creep, or glue failure if the bond is stressed too soon or exposed to moisture or heat.

Historically, glues began as animal or fish glues and evolved into synthetic adhesives developed in the 20th century, expanding the range of applications across industry and craft.

Safety: many glues release fumes and residues; use in well-ventilated areas; avoid skin contact; wear gloves when necessary; dispose of container according to local guidelines. Some cyanoacrylates can bond skin on contact, so keep away from the eyes and open flames.