Forgingsdelar

Forgingsdelar, more commonly referred to as forging parts, are metal components produced by forging, a manufacturing process that shapes metal through plastic deformation under high pressure. The process begins with a starting billet, which is heated (hot forging) or kept at room temperature (cold forging) and then subjected to compressive forces in a set of dies or tools. Open-die forging produces simple shapes with greater geometric flexibility, while closed-die or impression-die forging forms more complex, near-net parts by shaping the metal against two or more dies. Additional methods include seamless ring forging and cogging, used for rotary or ring-shaped components.

Materials commonly used include carbon and alloy steels, stainless steels, aluminum, and titanium alloys, chosen for strength, toughness, and weight. Forging imparts a refined grain flow that follows the part’s geometry, producing improved mechanical properties such as higher strength, impact resistance, and fatigue life compared with many cast or extruded equivalents. Forged parts often require less additional finishing and can be produced with near-net shapes, reducing machining time and material waste in some cases.

Limitations and considerations include high tooling costs and longer lead times, typically making forgings economical only for higher-volume production or critical parts. The process may produce flash that must be removed, and overly complex internal features can be difficult to achieve.

Quality is maintained through material selection, heat treatment, and nondestructive testing; standards vary by industry but commonly include traceability, dimensional tolerances, and mechanical property requirements. Forging is widely used in automotive components (shafts, gears, connecting rods), aerospace, oil and gas, and industrial machinery for parts requiring high strength and reliability.