Fogínybetegség

Fogínybetegség, commonly known as gum disease or periodontal disease, is an inflammatory condition affecting the gums and supporting structures of the teeth. It is primarily caused by the accumulation of plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that forms on teeth. If plaque is not removed regularly through brushing and flossing, it can harden into tartar, which further irritates the gums.

The earliest stage of gum disease is gingivitis, characterized by red, swollen, and bleeding gums. Gingivitis is generally reversible with good oral hygiene. However, if left untreated, it can progress to periodontitis. In periodontitis, the inflammation spreads below the gum line, damaging the tissues and bone that hold the teeth in place. This can lead to receding gums, loose teeth, and eventually tooth loss.

Risk factors for developing gum disease include poor oral hygiene, smoking, diabetes, hormonal changes (such as during pregnancy), certain medications, and genetic predisposition. Symptoms of periodontitis can include persistent bad breath, a metallic taste in the mouth, pus between the teeth and gums, and changes in the way teeth fit together when biting.

Diagnosis is typically made by a dentist during a regular check-up, involving examination of the gums and measurement of the pocket depth between the teeth and gums. Treatment for gum disease depends on its severity and may include professional dental cleanings, scaling and root planing (a deep cleaning procedure), and in more advanced cases, surgical interventions. Maintaining good oral hygiene, regular dental visits, and addressing underlying health conditions are crucial for preventing and managing gum disease.