Flus

Flus is a informal term that refers to infections caused by influenza viruses. In humans, influenza A and influenza B are responsible for the seasonal epidemics that affect many people each year, while influenza C generally causes a milder respiratory illness and does not produce large outbreaks. The term flus can also refer to multiple influenza outbreaks or cases within a given period.

Influenza viruses spread primarily through respiratory droplets produced when an infected person coughs or sneezes, but contact with contaminated surfaces can also transmit the virus. The incubation period is typically about one to four days. People are usually most contagious in the early stages of illness, but viral shedding can occur before symptoms appear and may continue for several days, especially in children or those with weakened immune systems.

Symptoms commonly include fever, cough, sore throat, runny or congested nose, muscle or body aches, headaches, and fatigue. Some individuals, particularly young children and older adults, may experience vomiting and diarrhea. Most people recover within a week or two, but flu can lead to complications such as pneumonia, bronchitis, and exacerbations of chronic conditions. High-risk groups include the elderly, pregnant people, young children, and those with certain health conditions.

Prevention centers on annual vaccination, which is reformulated each season to match circulating strains. Vaccines can be inactivated, attenuated, or recombinant, and they reduce the risk of illness, hospitalization, and death. Antiviral medications, such as oseltamivir, zanamivir, and baloxavir, can lessen symptoms and complications when started early. Surveillance and public health measures help monitor flu activity and mitigate its impact across communities.