Enameloplasty

Enameloplasty, also known as enamel contouring or odontoplasty, is a dental procedure that involves the selective removal or reshaping of small amounts of enamel from a tooth’s surface. The aim is to improve tooth contour, correct rough edges, and sometimes adjust minor bite issues or aesthetics. The procedure is typically considered for patients with minor irregularities and when preservation of natural tooth structure is preferred over more extensive restorations.

Technique and indications. Enameloplasty is usually performed on otherwise healthy teeth when there is a need to smooth irregularities, refine tooth shape after orthodontic movement, reduce minor malalignments, or close small along-tooth gaps. It may be used to create a more uniform incisal edge or to change the contact relationship between adjacent teeth. The decision to proceed depends on enamel thickness, tooth vitality, and the extent of correction required.

Procedure. The process is generally performed by a dentist with local anesthesia if needed. A fine diamond burr or laser is used to remove a minimal amount of enamel in a controlled manner, taking care to avoid dentin exposure. The treated surfaces are then contoured, smoothed, and polished to a high finish. In some cases, bonding agents or composite resin may be applied afterward to refine contour or enhance aesthetics.

Risks and limitations. Enameloplasty is irreversible because enamel does not regenerate. Potential risks include sensitivity, unforeseen over-reduction leading to bite changes, or cosmetic dissatisfaction if results are not precise. It is not suitable for teeth with significant decay, discoloration, or substantial malocclusion.

Alternatives. For more substantial changes, options include dental bonding, veneers, crowns, or orthodontic treatment. Enameloplasty is valued for being conservative and preserving tooth vitality when appropriate.