Elterhelés

Elterhelés is a Hungarian term describing the condition in which a system is subjected to a load that exceeds its designed capacity. In technical and everyday use it is typically translated as "overload" or "overburden." The concept applies when demand, stress, or external forces surpass what components, structures, or processes can safely withstand, leading to degraded performance, safety risks, or failure.

In structural and mechanical contexts, elterhelés refers to loads beyond design envelopes, including live loads, dynamic effects, or accidental impulses. It can cause excessive deflection, cracking, fatigue, or collapse. Engineers address elterhelés with load combinations, safety factors, materials with adequate strength, redundancy, and regular inspection.

In electrical and electronic systems, elterhelés describes current, voltage, or power levels beyond equipment ratings. Sustained overload can cause overheating, insulation damage, misoperation, or fire. Protective devices such as fuses and circuit breakers, proper derating, and reliable thermal management are used to prevent it.

In transportation, industry, and physiology, elterhelés denotes overload conditions that threaten safety or performance. Prevention relies on monitoring, appropriate load limits, gradual progression in training, and adherence to standards and guidelines.