E306

E306 is the European Union food additive code for tocopherols, a group of compounds collectively known as vitamin E. Tocopherols function mainly as antioxidants in foods, helping to protect fats and oils from oxidation and extending shelf life. The term covers several isomers, including natural forms such as alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol, and synthetic forms such as all-rac-α-tocopherol. Among these, alpha-tocopherol is the most biologically active form in humans and is also used as a dietary vitamin E supplement.

In practice, E306 is used in a wide range of fat-containing foods to prevent spoilage and preserve quality. Common applications include vegetable oils, spreads and margarine, baked goods, snacks, cereals, and processed foods. It may be employed alone or in combination with other antioxidants to maintain flavor, color, and texture during processing and storage.

Regulatory status and safety: E306 is one of the allowed food additives in the European Union, with specific use levels set by product category and national regulations. It is generally considered safe when used in accordance with good manufacturing practices. Tocopherols are also recognized as essential nutrients when consumed as vitamin E, though safety assessments emphasize maintaining intake within regulated limits. High-dose supplementation beyond typical dietary levels can carry risks and should be approached with medical guidance.

See also: other E-numbers in the E300 range, vitamin E, antioxidant food additives.