Dommer

Dommer is a term used in Norwegian and Danish to denote a person who renders judgments or decisions. It is related to the word for judgment and is used for both legal judges and sports officials, depending on context. In Norwegian and Danish, the plural form dommere is commonly used when referring to multiple judges or referees.

In the judiciary, a dommer is an individual who presides over court proceedings, interprets relevant laws, and delivers verdicts and sentences. Requirements typically include formal legal education, professional experience, and an appointment or election process that varies by jurisdiction. Judges are expected to act independently and impartially, upholding due process and the rule of law.

In sports, a dommer (or dommere in plural form) is the official responsible for enforcing rules, making calls on plays, and ensuring fair competition. Depending on the sport, a dommer may work with assistant officials or use video technology to aid decisions. The role focuses on timing, accuracy, and maintaining safety and sportsmanship.

The term can also appear in cultural or everyday contexts as a surname or in fiction. The exact powers, duties, and selection methods for a dommer vary by country and legal tradition, with civil-law systems emphasizing codified statutes and written proceedings, and common-law systems highlighting case law and adversarial processes.