Diálisis

Diálisis is a medical treatment that removes waste products and excess fluid from the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to perform these functions adequately. This condition is known as kidney failure or renal failure. Diálisis essentially acts as an artificial kidney, performing the essential tasks that healthy kidneys would normally do. There are two main types of diálisis: hemodiálisis and peritoneal diálisis.

Hemodiálisis involves filtering the blood outside the body. A machine, called a dialyzer, acts as an artificial kidney. Blood is pumped from the body through tubes to the dialyzer, where it is cleaned. The cleaned blood is then returned to the body. This process typically takes place in a clinic or hospital and is usually performed several times a week.

Peritoneal diálisis filters the blood inside the body. This method uses the lining of the abdomen, called the peritoneum, as a natural filter. A special fluid is introduced into the abdominal cavity through a surgically placed catheter. Waste products and excess fluid from the blood pass through the peritoneal membrane into this fluid, which is then drained out. Peritoneal diálisis can often be performed at home by the patient or a caregiver.

Diálisis is a life-sustaining treatment for individuals with end-stage renal disease. It helps to manage symptoms associated with kidney failure, such as fatigue, swelling, and nausea, and can significantly improve quality of life. However, it does not cure kidney disease and requires lifelong commitment. The choice between hemodiálisis and peritoneal diálisis depends on various factors, including the patient's overall health, lifestyle, and personal preference, and is determined in consultation with a nephrologist.