Diszpepszia

Diszpepszia is the Hungarian term for indigestion or dyspepsia. It refers to a group of symptoms that originate in the upper abdomen, characterized by discomfort or pain, a feeling of fullness, bloating, nausea, or early satiety. These symptoms are not specific to a single disease but rather indicate a problem with the digestive system, often related to the stomach or the first part of the small intestine.

The causes of diszpepszia can be varied. It can be functional, meaning there is no identifiable underlying organic disease, or it can be a symptom of another medical condition. Common triggers include overeating, eating too quickly, consuming fatty or spicy foods, excessive alcohol intake, smoking, and certain medications like NSAIDs. Underlying medical conditions that can cause diszpepszia include peptic ulcers, gastritis, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), gallbladder disease, pancreatitis, and in rarer cases, stomach cancer.

Diagnosis usually involves a medical history, physical examination, and sometimes further investigations such as blood tests, endoscopy, or imaging studies to rule out serious causes. Management of diszpepszia often begins with lifestyle modifications and dietary changes. This might include eating smaller, more frequent meals, avoiding trigger foods, reducing alcohol and caffeine intake, and managing stress. If an underlying cause is identified, treatment will focus on that specific condition. Medications such as antacids, H2 blockers, or proton pump inhibitors may be prescribed to reduce stomach acid. In cases of functional diszpepszia where no organic cause is found, medication and psychological support may be beneficial.