Disuseatrofian
Disuseatrofian is a proposed medical concept describing a syndrome of progressive tissue atrophy and dysfunction arising from prolonged disuse or immobilization. It encompasses muscles, bones, and connective tissues and may include metabolic and neuromuscular changes. The term derives from disuse and atrophy, with the suffix -an, and appears in contemporary theoretical literature to distinguish severe disuse effects from classic disuse atrophy.
Causes include extended bed rest, immobilization after injury, paralysis, chronic sedentary behavior, and microgravity in spaceflight.
Pathophysiology involves reduced mechanical loading leading to decreased muscle protein synthesis, increased proteolysis, and loss of
Signs and symptoms include progressive muscle wasting and weakness, reduced joint range of motion, impaired balance,
Diagnosis relies on clinical assessment and imaging. MRI or CT can quantify muscle loss; DXA assesses bone
Treatment emphasizes mobilization and graded exercise, with resistance and weight-bearing training. Electrical stimulation can aid muscle
Prognosis varies with duration of disuse and underlying disease; recovery is possible with early rehabilitation but