Distressing

Distressing is the act or process of causing distress, or the adjective describing something that causes distress. It can refer to emotional or physical suffering in people, or to events, situations, or media that provoke concern, discomfort, or alarm.

In textiles and fashion, distressing is a finishing process used to create a worn, aged, or faded look on fabrics, especially denim. Common methods include mechanical abrasion (such as rubbing or sanding), stone washing, acid washing or chemical baths, enzyme washing, and laser distressing. Distressing is often employed to achieve a vintage or lived-in aesthetic. These treatments can alter color and fiber integrity, so fabric care and care labeling are important to maintain appearance and performance.

In psychology and everyday language, distress refers to mental or emotional suffering in response to adverse circumstances. Distressing events or information can evoke symptoms such as worry, sadness, irritability, sleep disturbance, and impaired functioning. Distress is typically contrasted with eustress, which refers to positive or motivating stress. The assessment of psychological distress may involve screening tools and clinical evaluation, and responses can range from short-term and adaptive to chronic and impairing. Coping strategies often emphasize social support, healthy coping skills, and professional help when needed.

Distressing is also used creatively in design and entertainment to evoke authenticity or mood, sometimes employing similar techniques as textile distressing (physical methods or digital effects) to simulate wear, age, or history. The term remains broad, applying to both material finishing processes and the broader experience of suffering or concern. See also distress and distressing events.