eustress

Eustress is a positive form of stress arising from challenging but manageable situations, perceived as within an individual's coping resources, and associated with feelings of satisfaction, motivation, and energy. The term was introduced by Hans Selye in the 1970s to distinguish beneficial stress from distress.

Physiologically, eustress activates the autonomic nervous system and the HPA axis, producing arousal that can enhance alertness and performance. The outcome depends on cognitive appraisal: when demands are perceived as a challenge rather than a threat, stress is more likely to be experienced as eustress.

Common sources include deadlines, new responsibilities, physical training, problem solving, or public speaking—contexts that are stimulating but within the person’s ability to cope.

Impact: eustress can improve motivation, focus, performance, and resilience, and may contribute to personal growth. It is a core idea in the transactional model of stress and coping (Lazarus and Folkman). However, even beneficial stress can become harmful if demands exceed resources, or if exposure is chronic, leading to burnout or anxiety.

Measurement and use: researchers assess perceived stress levels and appraisal using self-report scales; in work and sport settings, eustress is encouraged where feasible through goal setting, control, feedback, and resource provision.