Dente

Dente is the Italian word for tooth; in many languages the term denotes the tooth as an anatomical structure. In anatomy, a tooth is a calcified organ embedded in the jaw that functions in mastication and, in various animals, in cutting, tearing or defense. The tooth has a crown, which is visible above the gum, and one or more roots secured in the alveolar socket by the periodontal ligament. The hard outer enamel protects a softer dentin, beneath which lies the pulp containing nerves and blood vessels. Cementum coats the roots and anchors the tooth to the jawbone.

Teeth develop from dental tissues during embryonic life and are typically categorized into deciduous (primary) dentition and permanent dentition. Deciduous teeth erupt in infancy and are gradually replaced by permanent teeth, usually starting around age six. The main tooth types are incisors (for cutting), canines (for tearing), premolars (for grinding and tearing), and molars (for crushing). Third molars, or wisdom teeth, may be present or absent.

Functionally, teeth enable mastication, contribute to speech and facial aesthetics, and form part of the digestive process. They are subject to caries (tooth decay), periodontal disease, abrasion and erosion, and may be affected by trauma. Prevention emphasizes daily brushing and flossing, fluoride exposure, limiting sugary foods, and regular dental checkups. When damaged, teeth can be restored with fillings, crowns, root canal treatment, or replaced with implants or bridges.