Dentalmetal

Dentalmetal is a general term used to describe metallic alloys engineered for use in dentistry. These materials are designed to withstand the mechanical loads, thermal cycling, and chemical exposure of the oral environment while maintaining biocompatibility with surrounding tissues. Dentalmetal alloys are employed in a range of restorations and prosthetic devices.

Common compositions include cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) and nickel-chromium (Ni-Cr) alloys, as well as titanium-based alloys. Additions of elements such as molybdenum, tungsten, palladium, or silver can improve strength, corrosion resistance, or radiopacity. The term also covers newer metal matrices produced for CAD/CAM or additive manufacturing frameworks and implants.

These materials offer high strength and stiffness, good wear resistance, and corrosion resistance in the moist oral environment. They are radiopaque for X-ray visibility and machinable with standard dental equipment. Some alloys may release trace ions, and nickel-containing formulations can pose allergy risks for sensitive individuals.

Applications include crowns, bridges, removable denture frameworks, implant components such as abutments and screws, orthodontic wires, and metal bases for restorations where strength is essential.

Manufacture and processing involve casting, milling from solid blanks, or additive manufacturing. Finishing steps include annealing, polishing, and surface treatments to improve wear resistance, corrosion resistance, marginal fit, and aesthetics.

Safety and regulation require biocompatibility testing and adherence to regional standards and approvals. Because some alloys contain nickel, content is scrutinized to protect individuals with nickel allergies; international standards and regulatory bodies govern their use.