Dekompressionens

Dekompressionens, also known as decompression sickness (DCS) or "the bends," is a medical condition that can affect individuals who undergo rapid decompression, most commonly divers who ascend too quickly from significant depths. The condition arises due to the formation of inert gas bubbles, primarily nitrogen, in the body's tissues and bloodstream when pressure decreases too rapidly. These bubbles can obstruct blood flow, damage tissues, and cause a range of symptoms, from mild discomfort to life-threatening complications.

The primary cause of dekompressionens is insufficient time spent at intermediate depths during ascent, preventing the body from safely eliminating dissolved gases. When divers ascend too quickly, dissolved gases in the blood and tissues expand into bubbles as external pressure decreases. Symptoms typically appear within minutes to hours after surfacing and may include joint pain (often in the knees, shoulders, or elbows), skin rashes, fatigue, and neurological issues such as dizziness, paralysis, or loss of consciousness. Severe cases can lead to organ damage, stroke, or death.

Prevention of dekompressionens relies on adhering to safe diving practices, including following standardized ascent rates and decompression stops. Dive computers and tables provide guidelines for safe ascent profiles based on depth and time spent underwater. Treatment involves immediate recompression therapy in a hyperbaric chamber, where increased pressure helps dissolve the bubbles and relieve symptoms. Early recognition and prompt medical intervention are critical for reducing long-term complications.

While dekompressionens is most commonly associated with scuba diving, it can also affect astronauts, high-altitude pilots, and individuals exposed to sudden pressure changes in industrial or laboratory settings. Proper training, equipment monitoring, and adherence to safety protocols are essential for minimizing the risk of this potentially serious condition.