rashes

Rash is a change in the skin that may include redness, itching, swelling, or raised patches. Rashes are common events that accompany many conditions. They are not a disease by themselves but a symptom resulting from irritation, infection, allergy, or systemic illness.

Common causes include infections (for example viral, fungal, or bacterial), allergic reactions to metals, cosmetics, plants, or medicines, irritants such as soaps or detergents, and chronic skin disorders such as eczema or psoriasis. Rashes may be localized to one area or widespread across the body.

Symptoms vary by cause and may include redness, itching, burning, swelling, pain, vesicles, or scaling. The distribution and pattern—such as rings, blisters, or a linear streak—can help narrow the diagnosis.

Diagnosis is usually based on history and examination. In uncertain cases, tests such as skin scrapings, cultures, allergy patch testing, blood tests, or a skin biopsy may be used to identify the cause and guide treatment. Treatments target the underlying cause and symptom relief.

Most rashes improve with simple care within days to weeks. Seek medical attention for widespread, rapidly spreading, painful, or blistering rashes; fever; involvement of the face or genitals; or rashes in people with weakened immune systems, pregnancy, or chronic illness.