genitals

Genitals are the sex organs involved in reproduction and sexual function. In humans they include both external structures and internal organs that participate in urination, sexual activity, and reproduction. The term covers male and female genitalia, and may also be used to describe atypical anatomy in intersex people.

Male external genitalia consist of the penis and scrotum. The penis contains erectile tissue that becomes enlarged with blood during arousal. The testes, housed in the scrotum, produce sperm and male hormones. Internal male reproductive structures include the epididymis, vas deferens, and accessory glands such as the prostate and seminal vesicles, which contribute fluids to semen.

Female external genitalia are called the vulva and include the labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, and the openings to the urethra and vagina. Internal female reproductive organs include the vagina, uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries, which release eggs and hormones. The vulva and clitoris contain erectile tissue that becomes engorged in response to arousal.

Development and health: Genitals develop under hormonal influence before birth and continue to change during puberty. Maintaining genital health involves hygiene, safe sex practices, and monitoring for symptoms such as pain, swelling, discharge, or sores. Common issues include infections and inflammation, injuries, or conditions requiring medical evaluation, such as testicular torsion in men or significant vaginal bleeding or pelvic pain in women. If in doubt, consult a healthcare provider.