Corsica

Corsica is a Mediterranean island and a territorial collectivity of France. It lies southeast of the French mainland and north of Sardinia, Italy. The island covers about 8,680 square kilometres and has a population of roughly 340,000. Its landscape is predominantly mountainous, with a rugged coastline and extensive forests. The highest peak is Monte Cinto, at 2,706 metres, and the interior features deep gorges and limestone and granite massifs. The GR20, a renowned long-distance hike, traverses the central mountains.

Historically, Corsica has seen Greek and Phoenician contact, and in the Middle Ages was ruled by Pisa and then Genoa. In the 18th century it briefly established an autonomous republic under Pasquale Paoli before being ceded to France in 1768–69. Napoleon Bonaparte, born in Ajaccio in 1769, grew up on the island and later became Emperor of the French.

Administratively, Corsica is divided into two departments, Haute-Corse (2B) and Corse-du-Sud (2A), with Ajaccio as the prefecture (capital). The island is a single territorial collectivity within France with its own assembly and executive council.

Culture and language are distinct from the mainland: Corsican (Corsu) is a Romance language closely related to Tuscan, spoken alongside French. The island has a tradition of polyphonic singing, distinct crafts, and cuisine based on olives, chestnuts, wine, and seafood. The flag features a Moor’s head, known as Testa Mora, and is a symbol of Corsican identity.

Economy relies heavily on tourism, along with agriculture, fishing, and services. Corsica is part of the European Union and uses the euro. It is known for its natural beauty, including protected areas and scenic coastal and mountain landscapes, which support outdoor activities such as hiking and sailing.