Cloisonné

Cloisonné is an ancient decorative art technique, most commonly applied to metalwork. The process involves creating compartments on a metal surface by soldering or affixing thin metal strips, forming a kind of "enclosure" or cloison. These cloisons are then filled with vitreous enamel, crushed glass, or other materials, which are subsequently fired at high temperatures to fuse them into place. After firing, the surface is polished to a smooth, even finish, revealing the vibrant colors within the metal outlines.

The origins of cloisonné are believed to be in the Near East or the Byzantine Empire, with examples dating back to the 13th century BC. It became particularly popular in China, where it flourished during various dynasties, and in Japan, where it is still practiced today. The technique can be applied to a wide range of objects, including jewelry, vases, bowls, and decorative panels. The intricate patterns and rich colors achieved through cloisonné have made it a highly prized art form, valued for both its aesthetic beauty and the skill required for its creation. The durability of the enamel and metal also contributes to its longevity.