Citrils

Citrils are a group of small passerine birds belonging to the genus Spinus. They are typically found in Europe and Asia, with a few species extending into North Africa. Citrils are characterized by their relatively small size, slender build, and often brightly colored plumage, particularly in males.

The most well-known species is the European Citril, *Spinus citrinellus*, which is a common resident in parts of southern Europe, often inhabiting mountainous regions. Males of this species display striking yellow underparts, a greenish-yellow head, and brown upperparts. Females are generally duller in coloration, with more muted yellows and browns.

Other species within the genus include the Corsican Citril (*Spinus corsicanus*), which is closely related to the European Citril and shares similar characteristics, though it is endemic to the islands of Corsica and Sardinia. Some classifications also include the Yellow-bellied Citril (*Spinus xanthogaster*) and the Andean Citril (*Spinus spinescens*) within this group, though their precise taxonomic placement can vary.

Citrils are primarily seed-eaters, feeding on a variety of seeds from grasses, weeds, and conifers. They are often observed foraging in flocks, especially outside the breeding season. Their song is typically a cheerful, warbling melody, which can be quite complex. They build small, cup-shaped nests, usually in shrubs or trees, where they lay a clutch of typically 3-5 eggs.