Chrysoperla

Chrysoperla is a genus of green lacewings in the family Chrysopidae, order Neuroptera. It includes multiple species, among which the Chrysoperla carnea species complex is widely distributed in temperate and tropical regions. Members of this genus are commonly referred to as green lacewings, though some individuals may appear brownish in cold conditions.

Description and anatomy: Adults are slender insects typically green with coppery-golden eyes and delicate, transparent wings that exhibit a fine network of veins. Body length generally ranges around 10–20 millimeters. Larvae are elongated and predatory, armed with sickle-shaped mandibles and often resembling small alligators in shape.

Life cycle: Females lay eggs on vegetation, frequently on slender stalks. Eggs hatch into larvae after several days, and the larvae begin feeding on prey. Larvae develop through several molts before pupating on leaves or stems. Adults emerge after the pupal stage, with the entire life cycle varying with temperature and food availability.

Ecology and pest management: Chrysoperla species are valued as natural enemies of many soft-bodied pests. Larvae feed on aphids, mites, whiteflies, scale insects, mealybugs, and insect eggs, while adults drink nectar, pollen, and honeydew, contributing to pollination and maintenance of populations. They are widely used in integrated pest management and can be released in greenhouse and field settings to augment biological control.

Conservation and limitations: Lacewings are sensitive to broad-spectrum insecticides and some agricultural practices that reduce prey availability. Providing flowering plants that supply nectar and pollen can help sustain adult populations, and careful pesticide choices can enhance their effectiveness in pest control.