Cariesrisiko

Cariesrisiko refers to the probability or likelihood that an individual will develop dental caries, also known as tooth decay or cavities. This risk is not static and is influenced by a complex interplay of factors related to the individual, their environment, and their behavior.

Key factors contributing to cariesrisiko include the presence of cariogenic bacteria in the mouth, such as Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus species. These bacteria metabolize sugars and fermentable carbohydrates from the diet, producing acids that demineralize tooth enamel. Dietary habits, particularly the frequency and quantity of sugar intake, play a crucial role. Frequent snacking on sugary foods and drinks provides a continuous supply of substrate for bacterial acid production.

Saliva flow rate and buffering capacity are important protective factors. Saliva helps to neutralize acids, remineralize early enamel lesions, and wash away food debris. Individuals with reduced salivary flow (xerostomia), often due to medications or medical conditions, have a higher caries risk. Oral hygiene practices, including regular brushing and flossing, are essential for removing plaque, a biofilm where bacteria reside, and reducing their acid-producing potential.

Other contributing factors can include the fluoride exposure from toothpaste, water, or professional treatments, which strengthens enamel and aids remineralization. Tooth morphology, such as deep pits and fissures, can also make teeth more susceptible to plaque accumulation and decay. Age and genetic predisposition can also play a minor role. Dental professionals assess cariesrisiko by considering all these elements to implement tailored preventive strategies.