Cardiac
Cardiac is an adjective that relates to the heart. The term derives from the Greek kardia. In medical contexts it encompasses the anatomy, physiology, diseases, and therapies associated with the heart and the broader cardiovascular system.
Anatomy and function: The heart consists of four chambers—two atria and two ventricles—valves, and a conduction
Common conditions: Ischemic heart disease results from reduced coronary blood flow and can lead to angina or
Diagnostics: Diagnostic tools include the electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiography, stress testing, and cardiac imaging with MRI or
Treatment and management: Approaches combine lifestyle modification and medical therapy with procedures when needed. Medications include
Public health perspective: Cardiac health remains a major focus of medicine, with prevention emphasizing risk factor