Caraga

Caraga, officially the Caraga Administrative Region (Region XIII), is an administrative region in the Philippines located in the northeast part of Mindanao. It comprises five provinces—Agusan del Norte, Agusan del Sur, Dinagat Islands, Surigao del Norte, and Surigao del Sur—with Butuan City serving as the regional center and the seat of government.

Geography and environment: The region faces the Philippine Sea to the east and includes coastal areas, islands, and interior forested terrains. It contains notable features such as the Agusan Marsh Wildlife Sanctuary, one of the world’s largest freshwater wetlands, and multiple river systems. The climate is tropical with substantial rainfall and a risk of typhoons during the season.

History and people: The name Caraga derives from historical polities encountered by early Spanish explorers along the northeastern Mindanao coastline. The region hosts diverse communities, including indigenous Lumad groups such as the Manobo and Mamanwa, as well as migrant populations from other parts of the Philippines. Caraga’s political boundaries and administrative status were established in the late 20th century, and it has since functioned as a distinct regional unit.

Economy: Caraga’s economy is predominantly rural, with agriculture, fishing, and forestry as core activities. Mining, especially nickel in parts of Surigao del Norte and Surigao del Sur, contributes to industrial activity. Tourism has grown, anchored by Siargao Island (a renowned surfing destination), the Sohoton Cove and Bucas Grande Island area, Hinatuan’s Enchanted River, and the Agusan Marsh.

Demographics and culture: The region is linguistically diverse, with languages such as Surigaonon and Butuanon widely spoken, alongside indigenous languages. Major urban centers include Butuan City and Surigao City, with other provincial capitals and municipalities contributing to regional life.