Agusan

Agusan is a name associated with a river and two provinces in the Caraga region on the island of Mindanao, Philippines. It refers to the Agusan River, a major waterway that flows across the area and empties into Butuan Bay, and to the provinces of Agusan del Norte and Agusan del Sur that are named after the river.

Geography and ecology: The Agusan River is one of the longest rivers in the Philippines and shapes settlement and agriculture along its banks. The Agusan Marsh Wildlife Sanctuary, spanning parts of both provinces, is one of the country’s largest wetlands and serves as a habitat for numerous bird species, fish, and other wildlife.

Administration and people: The two provinces are part of Caraga on Mindanao. The region is inhabited by diverse communities, including indigenous groups, such as the Mamanwa and various Manobo communities. Butuan City is a major urban center in the area, and the provinces support agriculture, forestry, and fishing as important economic activities.

History and toponymy: The name Agusan originates from the river and has long been used to denote the surrounding region. The provinces were established in the 20th century from the larger historic Agusan province.

Conservation and note: The marsh and riverine ecosystems are protected in areas like the Agusan Marsh Wildlife Sanctuary, reflecting ongoing efforts to balance ecological preservation with local livelihoods and development.