CROW

Crow is a common name for several large passerine birds in the genus Corvus, part of the family Corvidae. Crows are typically medium to large songbirds with stout bodies, strong bills, and predominantly dark plumage that often shows an iridescent blue or purple sheen in bright light. They range about 40–50 cm in length, with a wingspan of roughly 80–100 cm and a weight of 300–600 grams depending on species.

Crows have a wide distribution in the Holarctic region and are highly adaptable to various habitats, including forests, fields, and urban environments. They occur across much of North America and Eurasia, with regional species such as the American crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos) and the carrion crow (Corvus corone).

Diet and behavior: Crows are omnivorous and opportunistic feeders, consuming seeds, grains, fruits, insects, small vertebrates, eggs, carrion, and human food waste. They are known for problem-solving abilities, occasional use of tools, and complex vocal communication, including a variety of calls and alarm signals. Social organization often involves family groups outside the breeding season, and crows may form large communal roosts in winter.

Reproduction: Nests are built in trees or shrubs, with clutch sizes typically 3–7 eggs. Eggs hatch after about 14–18 days of incubation, and fledging occurs roughly 28–35 days after hatching. Adults may cooperate with offspring during the first breeding season.

Ecology and cultural notes: Crows contribute to seed dispersal and insect control but can be perceived as pests in human environments. A group of crows is commonly called a murder.