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1418

1418 was a year in the late Middle Ages marked by significant developments in the Catholic Church and ongoing European political conflict. It occurred amid the broader context of the Hundred Years’ War between England and France and the internal dynastic struggles within France, which influenced the conduct and outcomes of broader military and political efforts in Europe.

A defining feature of 1418 was the culmination of the Council of Constance (held from 1414 to

In France, internal divisions and rival factions amid the ongoing Hundred Years’ War affected the political

The events of 1418 had long-term implications for European religious and political life. By helping to end

1418).
The
council
resolved
the
Western
Schism
by
electing
Martin
V
as
the
pope
and
deposing
rival
papal
claimants,
thereby
restoring
a
single
line
of
papal
succession.
The
council
also
pursued
reforms
aimed
at
strengthening
church
discipline
and
governance
and
addressed
issues
related
to
heresy,
continuing
the
legacy
of
earlier
controversies
arising
from
reform
movements
in
Bohemia
and
beyond.
landscape.
The
Armagnac–Burgundian
civil
conflict
persisted,
complicating
strategic
alignments
and
contributing
to
the
broader
instability
of
the
period.
the
Western
Schism
and
initiating
a
program
of
ecclesiastical
reform,
the
Council
of
Constance
influenced
church-state
relations
and
the
structure
of
papal
authority
in
the
decades
that
followed.