Byggeaffald

Byggeaffald refers to waste generated from construction, renovation, and demolition activities. It covers inert materials such as concrete, brick, and asphalt, as well as non-inert materials like timber, metals, plastics, glass, plasterboard, and insulation. Some waste may be hazardous, including asbestos-containing materials, solvents, paints, and contaminated soils.

Sorting and classification is a key part of managing byggeaffald. On-site sorting and proper containerization separate waste into inert, non-hazardous, and hazardous streams to facilitate recycling and safe disposal. Deconstruction, where feasible, allows salvage and reuse of components before demolition, reducing overall waste generation.

Management and regulation vary by jurisdiction but generally require a waste management plan for construction projects, with responsibilities assigned to the producer or contractor. Hazardous waste must be handled by licensed facilities and documented in accordance with transport and disposal regulations. National and EU-wide rules promote waste prevention, reuse, recycling, and energy recovery over disposal.

Recycling and reuse efforts include turning concrete and masonry into recycled aggregate for new construction, chipping wood for mulch or energy, and recycling metals. Gypsum from drywall can be processed for reuse in some systems, and insulating materials may be reclaimed or treated. Some materials can be reused directly in building projects, especially in deconstruction-type workflows.

Environmental and economic aspects are central to byggeaffald management. Proper handling reduces resource extraction, greenhouse gas emissions, and landfill use, while material recovery can lower project costs. Challenges include contamination, fluctuating markets for recyclables, and on-site logistical issues.