Blutlipid

Blutlipid, the German term for blood lipid, denotes lipids circulating in the bloodstream as part of a lipid panel. The major components are cholesterol and triglycerides, measured and reported as total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides. Lipids are transported in lipoproteins: chylomicrons and VLDL carry triglycerides, while LDL and HDL transport cholesterol and phospholipids.

Why it matters: elevated Blutlipide are associated with atherosclerosis and increased cardiovascular risk. Target levels vary by guideline, but commonly aim for LDL-C below 100 mg/dL, HDL-C above 40 mg/dL in men and 50 mg/dL in women, and triglycerides below 150 mg/dL. Non-HDL cholesterol (total minus HDL-C) is used as an indicator of atherogenic particles, especially when triglycerides are elevated. In many regions results are given in mmol/L with approximate equivalents: LDL-C <2.6 mmol/L, HDL-C >1.0 mmol/L, TG <1.7 mmol/L.

Measurement and interpretation: blood samples may be fasting, particularly for triglycerides; non-fasting panels are increasingly accepted, with triglyceride values interpreted in context. Lipid levels are influenced by diet, body weight, physical activity, age, genetics, smoking, and certain medications or diseases.

Management: when results indicate elevated risk, clinicians advise lifestyle changes—calorie-balanced diet with limited saturated fat, regular exercise, weight management, and smoking cessation. Pharmacotherapy such as statins, fibrates, niacin, or PCSK9 inhibitors may be used based on overall cardiovascular risk and lipid pattern.

Blutlipid measurements are routinely used in preventive cardiology and in monitoring lipid-lowering therapy.