Biopsykososiaalinen
Biopsykososiaalinen refers to the biopsychosocial model, a framework in health that explains health and illness as the result of interactions among biological, psychological, and social factors. Introduced by George L. Engel in 1977 as an alternative to the reductionist biomedical model, the approach emphasizes the patient’s context and has become common in Finnish healthcare.
The model identifies three interrelated dimensions: biological (genetics, physiology, pathology), psychological (mood, cognition, behavior, coping), and
Applications include clinical assessment, diagnosis, and treatment planning in mental health, chronic disease management, pain, rehabilitation,
Challenges include measurement difficulties, need for interdisciplinary teams, time constraints, and resource requirements. Critics point to
In Finland, the term “biopsykososiaalinen” is commonly used and aligns with public health and welfare aims to