Balaclavas

A balaclava, also known as a ski mask in some contexts, is a form of close-fitting headgear designed to cover most of the face. A typical balaclava covers the head, neck, and much of the face, leaving the eyes exposed and, in some designs, the nose or mouth. Variants range from full-face coverings that leave only the eyes visible to lighter designs that expose more of the face. Materials commonly used include knitted wool or wool blends, synthetic fleece, acrylic, and neoprene. Balaclavas are often worn with helmets, goggles, or other protective gear and may incorporate features such as breathability panels or mesh vents.

The name derives from the town of Balaklava in Crimea, where British troops wore such coverings during the Crimean War in the mid-19th century to stay warm. The garment later spread as practical winter wear and found use in sports, such as skiing and snowboarding, as well as in motorcycle and other outdoor activities. In military and law enforcement contexts, balaclavas provide protection against cold and wind and can offer camouflage.

Usage and legal considerations vary by region. Balaclavas are popular for warmth and protection in cold or windy environments, but the ability to conceal identity has led to restrictions in some public spaces, protests, or events. In sports and outdoor activities, designs are chosen to accommodate helmets, goggles, and breathing needs. Care and maintenance depend on material, with washing or drying guidelines to preserve fit and insulation.