Aðskilnaðarkvíði

Aðskilnaðarkvíði, or separation anxiety, is a psychological condition characterized by excessive fear or distress when separated from a person or attachment figure to whom one is bonded. While a certain degree of unease when separated from caregivers is normal for infants and young children, separation anxiety disorder is diagnosed when these feelings are significantly more intense and prolonged than expected for the child's developmental stage.

Symptoms can manifest in various ways. In children, this might include crying, tantrums, clinging behavior, and physical complaints such as stomachaches or headaches when separation is imminent or occurs. They may also experience nightmares about separation or refuse to go to sleep without their attachment figure present. In adults, separation anxiety disorder can present as excessive worry about the well-being of loved ones, persistent fears of getting lost or harmed, and intense distress when separated, which can interfere with daily functioning.

The causes of separation anxiety disorder are not fully understood, but a combination of genetic predisposition, temperament, stressful life events such as a move or the loss of a loved one, and learned behaviors are thought to contribute. Treatment often involves a combination of psychotherapy, particularly cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), which helps individuals develop coping mechanisms for managing their anxiety. In some cases, medication may also be considered. Early intervention is often beneficial in helping individuals overcome separation anxiety and lead fulfilling lives.