Ausserrhoden

Ausserrhoden is one of the two cantons that make up the Swiss *Halbkanton* of Appenzell. It is the eastern and more populous of the two. The canton's capital is Herisau. Ausserrhoden is known for its hilly landscape and its traditional textile industry, which has largely been replaced by specialized manufacturing and services. The canton's official language is German.

The history of Ausserrhoden is closely tied to the history of the canton of Appenzell. In the 11th century, the region became part of the Holy Roman Empire. In 1513, Appenzell joined the Swiss Confederacy. The canton was later divided into two *Halbkantone* following the Appenzeller Wars of Religion in the 16th century. Ausserrhoden, with its predominantly Protestant population, separated from the Catholic Innerrhoden.

The economy of Ausserrhoden has historically been driven by agriculture and textiles. The steep terrain made large-scale farming difficult, leading to a focus on dairy farming and cheese production. The textile industry, particularly cotton weaving and embroidery, flourished in the 18th and 19th centuries. Today, the canton's economy is more diversified, with a strong presence in mechanical engineering, electronics, and the service sector. Tourism also plays a role, attracting visitors with its scenic landscapes and opportunities for hiking and winter sports.

Ausserrhoden is characterized by numerous scattered settlements and villages rather than large urban centers. The canton is accessible by road and rail, with the S-Bahn connecting many of its communities. The close proximity to the city of St. Gallen influences its economic and social life. Ausserrhoden is a member of the Swiss Confederation, contributing to federal legislation and policy.