Androgenetica

Androgenetica is a term that refers to the genetic predisposition towards developing androgenetic alopecia, also known as male-pattern baldness or female-pattern baldness. This condition is the most common form of hair loss and is characterized by a gradual thinning of hair over time. While it affects both men and women, the pattern of hair loss differs. In men, it typically begins with a receding hairline and thinning at the crown, often progressing to complete baldness. In women, it usually presents as diffuse thinning over the top of the scalp, with the frontal hairline often remaining intact.

The genetic basis of androgenetic alopecia involves multiple genes, and the inheritance pattern is complex, often described as polygenic and autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance. This means that several genes contribute to the trait, and while a person may inherit the genes, they may not necessarily develop the condition, or it may manifest differently. Key genes implicated are related to the androgen receptor, which plays a crucial role in hair follicle sensitivity to androgens like dihydrotestosterone (DHT). DHT is a derivative of testosterone and is believed to bind to receptors in hair follicles, leading to miniaturization and eventual hair loss in genetically susceptible individuals.

Environmental and hormonal factors also interact with genetic predisposition. The sensitivity of hair follicles to androgens, influenced by genetics, is a primary driver. While the term androgenetica specifically points to the genetic component, it's understood that the manifestation of the condition is a result of this genetic susceptibility interacting with hormonal influences. Research continues to explore the precise genetic mechanisms and identify all contributing genes to better understand and potentially treat androgenetic alopecia.