Andmevarundus

Andmevarundus, meaning data backup, is the process of creating copies of data to protect against loss or damage. It enables the restoration of original information after events such as hardware failure, software errors, human error, theft, or cyberattacks. The primary goal is to minimize downtime and data loss, supporting business continuity and compliance with data-retention requirements.

Backups can be categorized by scope and method. Full backups copy all selected data, while incremental backups copy only data changed since the last backup, and differential backups copy data changed since the last full backup. Backups can be on-site, off-site, or in the cloud, and stored on media such as hard drives, tapes, or object storage. Some systems employ continuous data protection or point-in-time restores to enhance recoverability.

Strategies and practices commonly guide andmevarundus implementations. The 3-2-1 rule—three copies of data, on two different media, with one copy off-site—remains a widely cited guideline. Recovery objectives, including the recovery point objective (RPO) and recovery time objective (RTO), influence how often backups run and how quickly data must be available. Best practices include automated and verified backups, regular restoration testing, encryption for data at rest and in transit, protection against tampering, and versioning. Air-gapped or offline backups can reduce exposure to ransomware.

Applications span individuals, small and large organizations, and critical infrastructure. Effective andmevarundus requires ongoing management, clear retention policies, and alignment with legal and regulatory requirements to ensure data remains recoverable and secure.