Akoyapärlor

Akoyapärlor, or Akoya pearls, are cultured saltwater pearls produced by the Akoya oyster, Pinctada fucata martensii. They are among the most recognizable cultured pearls, prized for their high luster and smooth nacre. Akoya pearls are typically smaller than other types of pearls, commonly ranging from about 2 to 10 millimeters, with many harvested around 6 to 8 millimeters.

Production involves bead-nucleation and mantle tissue grafting. A polished shell bead is implanted into the oyster along with a small piece of mantle tissue from a donor oyster. The oyster then coats the nucleus with nacre, forming a pearl over several months. Akoya pearl farming began in Japan in the early 20th century and was popularized by pioneers in the field; today production also occurs extensively in China.

Colors of Akoya pearls range from white to ivory, often with rose, silver, or cream overtones. While natural color variations exist, many akoya pearls used in jewelry are treated or irradiated to enhance color in some markets. The nacre on Akoya pearls is relatively thin compared with some other cultivated pearls, contributing to their characteristic brilliance but also to greater sensitivity to surface blemishes.

Quality is judged by luster, surface smoothness, shape, and size. Common grading systems use terms such as A, AA, and AAA, with AAA representing high luster and few flaws. Akoya pearls remain popular for classic jewelry designs, from single-button pendants to multi-strand necklaces. Proper care involves gentle cleaning and avoiding harsh chemicals to preserve their surface and luster.