Adhesioiden

Adhesioiden, in medical terminology commonly referred to as adhesions, are fibrous bands that form connections between tissues or organs that are normally separate. They arise as part of the healing process after surgery, infection, inflammation, endometriosis, or trauma. While they most often affect surfaces within the peritoneal cavity, adhesions can involve other sites such as the pleura, joints, or surgical incisions.

Most adhesions are asymptomatic. When symptoms occur, they may include chronic abdominal or pelvic pain, infertility in women, or mechanical complications such as small-bowel obstruction or volvulus. The clinical impact depends on the location and extent of the fibrous bands, and some people experience only mild or no symptoms.

Diagnosis is typically suspected from clinical presentation and history, especially when obstruction or infertility is involved. Imaging techniques such as computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can detect related complications, but adhesions themselves are often difficult to visualize noninvasively. Laparoscopy serves as both a diagnostic and, in some cases, therapeutic option.

Management is usually symptom-driven. Conservative approaches address pain and complications; surgical adhesiolysis can relieve symptoms but carries risks, including the formation of new adhesions and recurrence. Prevention focuses on minimizing tissue trauma during procedures and using barrier methods or other strategies aimed at reducing adhesion formation in high-risk surgeries.

Ongoing research investigates anti-adhesion agents, barrier technologies, and refinements in surgical techniques to lower the incidence and impact of adhesioiden.