8G

8G refers to the anticipated eighth generation of wireless mobile communications, envisioned as the successor to 7G and, more broadly, the continuation of the evolution from 6G research. As of the mid-2020s, there is no formal standard or fully defined specification for 8G; discussions are primarily exploratory, focusing on long-range goals rather than concrete technical requirements. Standards bodies and industry players acknowledge that 8G concepts are speculative and will depend on advances in materials, software, and regulatory environments.

Proposed characteristics commonly discussed for 8G include extremely high data rates, ultra-low latency, and highly AI-native networks that can autonomously optimize performance. Other recurring themes are pervasive integration of satellite and terrestrial networks, seamless connectivity in challenging environments, and the use of higher frequency bands such as terahertz (THz) and other advanced spectrum, alongside advanced optical and wireless links. Network architectures may emphasize edge intelligence, programmable metasurfaces, highly dynamic network slicing, and enhanced security measures.

Potential applications cited by researchers encompass immersive holographic communications, real-time digital twins, advanced augmented and virtual reality, autonomous systems, and industrial internet of things with near-instantaneous feedback loops. These envisioned capabilities would rely on substantial advances in spectrum management, energy efficiency, and interoperability across devices, networks, and platforms.

Challenges for 8G include spectrum availability, the cost of widespread deployment, safety and health considerations, security and privacy, and the need for global standardization. The timeline for 8G remains speculative, with practical deployment likely several decades in the future.