3Dtuloste

3Dtuloste is the Finnish term for 3D printing, an additive manufacturing process that builds physical objects from digital models by adding material layer by layer. A design may be created in computer-aided design (CAD) software, obtained from a 3D scan, or produced by reverse engineering. The digital model is typically exported as a file such as STL or OBJ and then prepared for printing with slicing software that generates the instructions for the printer.

Several technologies are used in 3Dtuloste, with varying materials and outputs. FDM (fused deposition modeling) extrudes thermoplastic filaments to form objects. Stereolithography (SLA) uses a light-curing resin, while selective laser sintering (SLS) fuses powder materials with a laser. Metal printing exists as direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) or related methods, and other approaches include binder jetting and material jetting. Common materials include PLA, ABS, and PETG plastics; photopolymers for resins; ceramics and metals; and composite materials. The choice of technology, material, layer height, and printer calibration influences surface finish, dimensional accuracy, and mechanical properties.

The typical workflow involves designing or obtaining a digital model, exporting to a suitable file, slicing to generate printer instructions, and performing the build. Post-processing may be required, including removing support structures, curing or annealing, and surface finishing such as sanding or painting. Orientation and support placement affect strength and print quality, as prints often exhibit anisotropic properties due to layer bonding.

3Dtuloste has broad applications in prototyping, tooling, customization, education, and hobbyist work, enabling rapid iteration and the production of complex geometries not easy with traditional manufacturing. Limitations include print speed, build size, material costs, and the need for skilled operation and post-processing.