2Danimasjon

2D animation is the process of creating moving images in a two-dimensional plane by presenting a sequence of drawings or digitally generated frames. It encompasses traditional hand-drawn cel animation, digital vector and bitmap animation, cut-out methods, and motion graphics that simulate movement within flat space.

Historically, 2D animation began with hand-drawn frames in the early 20th century. Classic studios such as Disney established the pipeline for cel animation, while other studios developed limited animation techniques. With the rise of computer graphics, 2D animation expanded to digital tools in the 1990s and remains widely used alongside 3D methods.

Techniques include frame-by-frame animation, where each frame is drawn; tweening or automatic in-betweening; rigging of digital puppets for efficient movement; cut-out animation using linked shapes; and onion-skinning to plan motion. Styles range from traditional cel look to vector-based flat color, to more painterly or stylized effects.

Production workflow typically starts with concept art and storyboards, followed by character and asset design, layout, animation, cleanup, coloring, and compositing. Modern toolchains include software such as Toon Boom Harmony, Adobe Animate, TVPaint, and Moho. The process emphasizes consistency of line, color, and timing across shots.

2D animation remains common in television series, web cartoons, educational content, mobile apps, and advertising. It often offers faster iteration, lower hardware requirements, and a distinct artistic appeal compared to 3D animation, though it can be labor-intensive and may require separate workflows for visual effects and compositing. Some productions blend 2D with 3D elements.