överges

överges is a term used in theoretical discussions to describe a pattern in which a system amplifies small disturbances into large, destabilizing effects through feedback loops. A överges event arises when an initial action elicits responses that overcompensate, producing further deviations and a self-reinforcing cycle of intervention.

Typologies of överges are usually described in temporal, spatial, and structural forms. Temporal överges involve delays in response that magnify error over time. Spatial överges refer to the diffusion or migration of effects across regions or components of a system. Structural överges concern feedback loops within organizations or infrastructures that reinforce the disturbance rather than dampen it.

Applications and examples are discussed in the context of simulations and real-world systems. In climate policy modeling, delayed or excessive adjustments can create överges in greenhouse-gas trajectories. In financial markets, automated trading and risk controls may trigger price overshoots and subsequent corrective actions. In urban systems, adaptive traffic controls can inadvertently amplify congestion if feedback signals are not properly tuned.

Measurement and modeling approaches commonly rely on dynamic methods, such as system dynamics or agent-based models, to identify parameter regimes that give rise to överges. Key indicators include the amplitude of overshoot, time to stabilization, and the sensitivity of outcomes to initial conditions.

Criticism focuses on definitional clarity and empirical testability. Some scholars view överges as a heuristic that overlaps with established concepts like overshoot or hysteresis, arguing that precise mechanisms must be specified to avoid vague usage. See also overshoot, feedback loop, system dynamics. This article treats överges as a term in theoretical discourse and not as a universally established phenomenon.