ääreisverisuonisairaus

Peripheral artery disease, known in Finnish as ääreisverisuonisairaus, is a circulatory condition where narrowed arteries reduce blood flow to the limbs, most commonly the legs. This narrowing is usually caused by atherosclerosis, a buildup of plaque consisting of fat, cholesterol, and other substances. As plaque increases, arteries harden and narrow, restricting blood flow.

The most common symptom of ääreisverisuonisairaus is leg pain when walking, known as claudication. This pain typically subsides with rest. Other symptoms can include numbness, weakness, coldness in a limb, sores that won't heal, and changes in leg color. In severe cases, lack of blood flow can cause tissue death, leading to gangrene and potential amputation.

Risk factors for developing ääreisverisuonisairaus include smoking, diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, obesity, and a history of cardiovascular disease. Age is also a factor, with the risk increasing after 50.

Diagnosis often involves a physical exam, checking for pulses and listening for abnormal blood flow sounds. Imaging tests like ultrasound, angiography, or CT scans can confirm the diagnosis and identify the location and severity of the blockages.

Treatment aims to manage symptoms, slow or stop the progression of atherosclerosis, and reduce the risk of complications. Lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking, regular exercise, and a healthy diet are crucial. Medications may be prescribed to lower blood pressure, cholesterol, and prevent blood clots. In some cases, procedures like angioplasty with stenting or bypass surgery may be necessary to restore blood flow.

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