Üleantuks

Üleantuks refers to a traditional Estonian folk practice involving the symbolic transfer of a burden or responsibility from one person to another, often through a playful or ritualistic act. The term combines the Estonian words *üle* (meaning "over" or "across") and *antuks* (a colloquial form of *antama*, meaning "to give"). This custom is most commonly associated with the Estonian New Year’s Eve celebration, where it serves as a lighthearted way to welcome the new year and encourage goodwill.

During the ritual, participants gather in a circle, and one person—often chosen by lot or by mutual agreement—is tasked with carrying a symbolic burden, such as a bundle of sticks, a chair, or even a small child. The bearer is then encouraged to "pass over" the burden to another person in the circle by placing it on their shoulders or handing it over. This act is accompanied by wishes for prosperity, health, and happiness for the new year. The practice emphasizes unity, shared responsibility, and the collective hope for a brighter future.

While üleantuks is deeply rooted in Estonian folklore, its modern interpretation has evolved into a festive tradition rather than a strictly ceremonial one. It is often performed at family gatherings, community events, or New Year’s celebrations, blending humor with cultural heritage. The ritual’s adaptability has allowed it to remain relevant, reflecting broader themes of renewal and communal bonding in Estonian culture.