Østrogenutskillelse

Østrogenutskillelse refers to the process by which estrogen hormones are produced and released in the body. The primary site of estrogen production is the ovaries in females, where it plays a crucial role in the development and regulation of the female reproductive system and secondary sexual characteristics. During the menstrual cycle, estrogen levels fluctuate, with a significant surge preceding ovulation.

In addition to the ovaries, smaller amounts of estrogen are also produced by the adrenal glands and, in women, by adipose (fat) tissue. In males, estrogen is produced in much lower quantities by the testes and adrenal glands, and it also plays a role in sperm maturation and libido.

The secretion of estrogen is regulated by hormones from the pituitary gland, namely follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). These hormones, in turn, are controlled by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus. This intricate feedback loop ensures appropriate estrogen levels for various bodily functions, including bone health, cardiovascular function, and mood regulation.

During pregnancy, the placenta becomes a major source of estrogen, which is essential for maintaining the pregnancy and preparing the breasts for lactation. After menopause, estrogen production by the ovaries significantly decreases, leading to various physiological changes. Estrogen levels can also be affected by certain medications, medical conditions, and lifestyle factors.